Just for Feet free essay sample

But turn to inventory turnover rate, the number was quite terrible for a retail company. Compare to average number of the industry which is around 2. 8-3. 2, JFF’s faced a serious difficulty on inventory turnover, which led to a potential risk in generating profit. Also the return on assets and equity were below the competitors in the market, and the time interest earned declined very fast during 1996-1998, means that the quality of financing activities was poor. * High-risk financial statement items: For 1998 audit, there were several factors should be carefully concerned. The first was the number of inventory. JFF’s inventory in 1998 consisting more than half of the company’s total assets, which was a high risk factor and need more efforts on physical confirmation and valuation. The second audit red flag was the negative cash flow. The common cash flow for a retail company should be positive and this is especially true for those large, well established ones. We will write a custom essay sample on Just for Feet or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page So JFF’s situation made it stand out in the industry, and the audit process should focus on this abnormal fact. Moreover, the dramatic increases in debt and the rising of accounts payable should also be considered and require extra audit attention. Q2. Identify internal control risks common to large, high-volume retail. How should these risks affect the audit planning decisions for such a client? Generally speaking, the most possible internal control risk to large, high-volume retail stores is that about inventory. How to count it and value it accurately is always the issue that auditors should concern most. The audit team should examine the company’s period physical count records and perform year-end inventory count by themselves to ensure the accuracy of inventory number. Also, another very important risk area that auditors should pay attention to is the cash accounts. The audit procedures designed to examine whether the financial figures are fairly stated should adjust to adapt to the specific company base on its overall business environment and operating characteristics. In addition, retail companies always adopt cost leadership strategy which minimizes operating expenses. This will result in inconsistency in policies because of decentralization and high employer turnover rate because of low human resource expense, and both these factors will accordingly increase risk of accounting errors or frauds. In order to issue opinion properly for a retail company, auditors should plan appropriate audit test focus on these high risk areas. Q3. Identify inherent risk factors common to businesses facing such competitive conditions. How should these risks affect the audit planning decisions for such a client? Intensively competitive business environment will increase the management’s pressure and thus increase the inherent audit risk of the company. In order to satisfy shareholders or investors, management maybe commit fraudulent financial reporting to cover the company’s worsened operation conditions. In this situation, audit planning should have certain procedures to test the opportunities whether management can commit fraud, such as inquiries of management and employers to establish an overall understanding of the client’s strategies and business, industry and economic environment and competitors’ situations. Also another risk factor that will increase the company’s inherent audit risk is the situation of its cash flow. If a retail company has a negative cash flow which means it not generating enough cash to maintain its operations, the risk of misstatement will accordingly increase. As stated in Q1, auditors should spend more efforts on examine the cash accounts if the cash flow of the company shows some abnormal signals. Q4. Identify the audit risk factors present for the 1998 audit. Rank 5 factors that were the most critical to the successful completion of that audit. Did Deloitte auditors responded appropriately to these factors? * Management pressure under highly competitive business environment. * Large inventory size (more than half of total assets) and low inventory turnover(less than half of the industry average). * Unusual financial reporting â€Å"treatments† such as vendor allowances and income control. * Continuing negative cash flow. * Drastic increase in overall debt during the past three years. * Decentralized business. * Low return on assets and equity. The audit risk factors stated above are in my opinion in descending order of importance to the 1998 audit of JFF. First, the management tone is always the critical aspect whether a company will or will not commit a fraudulent financial reporting. If the management is under high pressure in a highly competitive market at the same time has the opportunities to access inappropriate behaviors, it will result in high possibilities that this company conduct intentional misstatement or omission of adequate disclosure in financial statements. And in the JFF case, the unusual facts such as the low inventory turnover and continuing negative cash flow and dramatic increase in debt are also the areas should be pay enough attention to complete a successful audit. Always these unusual facts will increase the difficulties of the company’s operation sustainability, thus let to high risk of accounting fraud activities happening. To some extent, Deloitte auditors did try to complete professional audit for JFF and adopt several tests to finish this process properly, but on the other hand, they failed to respond enough to the dwindling cash and increased debt. They also failed to discover the fact that JFF’s business consistently grow despite of continuing negative operating cash flows in more than three years. These are all the unusual facts for a well-established and high profit retail company. So in my opinion, Deloitte auditors failed to respond appropriately to all possible audit risk factors, and thus led to their failure in the audit process of JFF. Q5. How would you have responded when being asked to send a false confirmation to Deloitte Touche? Before responding, identify the parties who will be affected by your decision. Commonly, all the parties that involved in the company’s business will be affected by booth income if it is false stated. Actually, this is an intentional manipulation of financial statement which will not be accepted under GAAP and related law. Shareholders, investors, vendors and suppliers, customers and company’s employees all will be affected if this false booth income was stated and thus led to certain punishment or penalty on JFF and ultimately caused the company went out of business. If I was in the position of Thomas Shine in this case, I would say no to Don-Allen Ruttenberg. This is simply because as an auditor, I should preform professionally and comply with AICPA Code of professional conduct. It is not allowed to make false financial statement confirmation when I was clearly know what is happening. This may cause some trouble to my career in the short term like I might lose this client or so, but I believe doing the right thing will ultimately benefit me in the long term career development.

Anatomy of Sex Essay Example

Anatomy of Sex Essay Example Anatomy of Sex Essay Anatomy of Sex Essay Advertising generally assigns quite varied gender roles to both males and females. For example, women are depicted as carrying out tasks that are related to the household such as taking care of children, preparing food, and tending to their husbands. Such depiction essentially assigns ladies the domestic roles of housewives. Conversely, men in advertising are usually depicted as doing more strenuous and challenging tasks such as working in mines, factories, and elegant blue chip companies. Such portrayal allocates challenging tasks which usually require careful mental input to men. How have women been depicted in advertising? In advertising, women are usually depicted as weak individuals who thrive on fantasy as opposed to reality. Further, adverts generally depict women as being inferior to men and thus doing as the men require them to do. This concept is related to the pattern of depicting women as add-ons to men whereby women act as adornments to various entities. For example, beautiful women are featured on adverts popularizing some stunning entities with the view that the women will make the item more acceptable. How does advertising affect the lives of girls? Due to the allure that is usually associated with advertising, girls are usually negatively influenced by adverts. For example, when very thin models are employed in such adverts, impressionable girls usually strive to have physiques resembling those of the models. To this end, the naive girls usually engage in dangerous activities, such as anorexia nervosa, in a bid to resemble advert models. Girls thus suffer due to advertising. How does advertising affect the lives of boys? Owing to the aggressive nature that is encouraged by adverts, boys usually adopt behaviors that degrade and objectify women. The boys thus lose their respect for women and subsequently find having meaningful relationships with women very hard. Are there any biases in this film? There are obvious biases in Jean Kilbourne’s Killing us Softly 3: Advertisings Image of Women movie because the director seeks to portray women as disenfranchised characters in society. The movie is thus aligned towards femininity, blaming men for women’s woes and urging women to reject this trend. HSC 425I: Human Sexuality â€Å"Anatomy of Sex† Discussion Questions: How has evolution affected sex between humans? Evolution has made humans to adopt new styles and modes of conducting sexual intercourse. For example, with time, humans have devised a myriad of sex poses. Further, time has enabled humans to learn of extra ways of conducting sexual intercourse, including oral and anal sex. How did the participants in the film describe orgasms? The film’s participants described orgasms as indescribable phenomena that leave sex partners almost unconscious due to extreme joy. Further, orgasms are described as making the human body to relax in a pleasant way. How did the MRI images change thinking about intercourse? The presentation of MRI photos has altered thoughts on intercourse because through such images, it is discovered that sexual intercourse is a profound biological process that relies on emotional input to succeed. Analyzing this concept shows that intercourse is essentially a natural process that only utilizes minimal emotional input. Thoughts that intercourse is an exclusively emotional activity are thus quashed. How does the brain affect sexual arousal? After a person sees sexually provocative images, signal are send to the brain which after processing relays information to relevant body parts urging for sexual arousal. For instance, the brain may facilitate to increased blood flow into the penis, thus making it bulge. Do you think the film is in anyway biased? Jonathan Grupper’s 2005 Anatomy of Sex movie is not biased in my view because it just candidly presents factual information about intercourse without urging for any specific action. Such objectivity denotes the film as being unbiased. Reference Catterall, M. ; Maclaran, P. ; Stevens, L. (2000). Marketing and feminism: current issues and research. London: Routledge.

Masafi Marketing Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Masafi Marketing Plan - Essay Example Masafi product management team has effective designed the logo keeping in the view of mineral water. It effectively simplifies the quality of a product. The mineral water is 100% germ free and effectively tested in laboratory. Usage of hot-fill technology enables to maintain strength of various flavours in the mineral water. Attractive packaging of a product increases the product popularity and identity. Mineral water bottles of each flavour have a particular coloured cap which has created the benchmark within the industry. Constant introduction of several products is a good product extension strategy, but it is recommended that the R & D team and the product management need to monitor the quality factors of every product. In an addition Masafi should desperately target the global market is they had always implemented unique marketing strategies in their business practices. Resources and Recommendation Product strategy consists of planning and execution. These two are key resources f or product strategy. The planning and execution of product strategy takes place in a complex competitive market. Masafi has implanted these resources in the strategy effectively. They have effectively planned and execute the product diversification strategy. It is highly recommended that the product strategy process must be assessable. Moreover they should involve all the stakeholders in this strategy process and should have definable checkpoints. Product Life Cycle (PLC) Product life cycle is an important tool in order to determine the life cycle of a newly developed product. Masafi offers Natural Mineral water, Potato chips, Basmati rice, Fruit juice and Facial tissues. These products have a short life cycle. As day by day the market place...The organization is looking to dominate the global market place by extending their product line. The pure and natural water from the down wells and mountains in Ras AL Khaima is the biggest competitive advantage of the company. The organizatio n has settled the price of every product at a premium price against the high quality of products. The organization is known for its effective CSR activities across UAE. Brand extension and constantly developing new products has some drawbacks too. It is difficult for the organizations to deliver a large order within the deadline without effective logistic and supply chain structure. Masafi uses traditional distribution strategy. In starting years the organization had to face several environmental regulation issues. Masafi used to pack their product in poly ethylene packages. The environment rules and regulations have affected the brand image of their organization. Finally extensive research and introduction of PET packaging has overcome the poly ethylene packaging issues. Now-a-days Masafi is organizing several CSR activities in order to achieve huge reputation in the business field.

Physical Geology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Physical Geology - Essay Example The landscapes we see around us have many different and varying features, many of which have been fashioned by a number of external forces. Erosion is probably the major force in this respect and it can come from a number of sources, such as wind, water and ice. While these sources can be seen to be unique, in fact in the majority of cases they usually combine within the erosion process that shapes our landscapes. Wind is forceful creator of particular land features, especially in areas where deserts exist, normally close to the equator. In this instance as the warm air rises, forming clouds, the winds blow these away from the equator, both north and south, leaving a dryer condition. As a result, these areas receive significantly reduced rainfall, limiting the amount of vegetation, which would bind the earth’s surface together. The wind also carries particles of plants and rocks with it to create a build up of vegetation and chemical deposits in other areas. The power of the w ind, for example in the form of hurricanes, can have a significant effect on the landscape, as well as destroying human habitats.

Foreign Direct Investment in the Case of Iran Dissertation

Foreign Direct Investment in the Case of Iran - Dissertation Example 3.2.3 FDI in Iran - 1988 to 1995 60 3.2.4 FDI in Iran 1996 to 2003 66 3.2.5 FDI in Iran - 2004 to 2007 to present 73 4.0 Analysis of Findings 83 5.0 Conclusion 103 Bibliography 106 TABLES / CHARTS AND FIGURES FIGURES Figure 1 - Map of Iran 16 Figure 2 - GDP Growth Rate, Iran, 1960 - 2002 39 Figure 3 - Iran Sources of Economic Growth (Raw Labour) 39 Figure 4 - FDI in Iran, Selected Countries and the World 1971 through 1979 43 Figure 5 - FDI in Iran, 1971 through 1979 44 Figure 6 - FDI in Iran, and Neighbouring Countries for Comparison 1971 through 1979 45 Figure 7 - Iran FDI 56 Figure 8 - FDI for Iran and Comparative Nations 1980 to 1987 57 Figure 9 - FDI for... This study seeks to delve into and analyze the flow of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) with respect to Iran from an historical as well as present day perspective, looking at how the impact of sanctions have affected this area. In addition to the foregoing, this examination shall look at the FDI inflows of neighbouring countries as a comparative analysis to equate the FDI inflows to Iran as a gauge on its receipts. Foreign Direct Investment has larger implications for developing economies and economies in transition as these funds, as well as expertise aid in heightening and improving the production and efficiency performance of industry sectors that aids in economic growth. This study will look at the preceding, incorporating facts and figures dating back to 1971 that shall be broken up into periods that correspond to political developments and or major periods of economic sanctions that thus would impact FDI inflows. The global economy, in today’s terms, has more meaning and applicability than ever before as demonstrated by the recent sub-prime mortgage meltdown that has seen every economy suffer reversals as a result of the impact of tightened credit, the ripple effect of bank failures, massive slowdowns in production and consumer spending. The study concludes that Iran has managed to survive long enough, meaning the first three examined period reviewed, so that since 1996 it not longer is concerned with, if it ever was, sanctions. The economic performance of Iran reflects the impact of sanctions between 1980 through 1994, but as shown, the economy has begun its upward direction again.

The Benefits Of Breastfeeding

The Benefits Of Breastfeeding Human milk is uniquely engineered for human infants, and is the biologically or natural way to feed infants. Breastfeeding, in comparison to feeding breast milk substitutes such as infant formula, has numerous health benefits. It not only has benefits on children and mothers but the society and economy as well. Introduction One of the most useful and natural steps a mother can take for her children is to breastfeed them. Science has proven remarkable health benefits of breast milk that are passed from mothers to their children. The benefits, from the building of antibodies to protect a newborn at birth to the special nutrients to prevent numerous infancy infections, are countless. No other sole step taken by a mother can so drastically impact the present and future wellbeing of her newborn. Breast milk not only benefits the newborn baby, it also benefits the mother, the society and the environment. In this paper the benefits of breastfeeding for both infants as well as mothers will be stated. Also, I will talk about its benefits to the environment and society. Finally, I will discuss what the United Arab Emirates does in terms of breastfeeding. The benefits of breastfeeding for Infants Nutritional benefits Breast milk is a unique nutritional source that cannot adequately be replaced by any other food. It is ultimately the best source of nutrition for a new baby. Many components in breast milk help protect infants against infection and disease. It contains the perfect combination of proteins, fats, vitamins, and carbohydrates. The proteins in breast milk are more easily digested than in formula or cows milk. The calcium and iron in breast milk are also more easily absorbed. Also, in it are Leukocytes which are living cells that are only found in breast milk. They help fight infection. It is the antibodies, living cells, enzymes, and hormones that make breast milk the perfect choice (Brown, 2008). Immunological benefits Most preemies are at risk for infections that can sometimes be very serious, so immune system benefits are some of the most important benefits of breastfeeding a premature baby can have. Human milk has the ability to protect them against infections and serious diseases. It is protects the infants against serious Infections like Diarrhea and Haemophilus Influenza. Children who are on breast feed experience a lower rate of severe diarrheal disease than children that are given formula milk. In a study conducted on a controlled group of infants (age bracket of less than 6 months), it was observed that newborns on breast feed were noticeably protected against haemophilus influenza, type B disease (Cochi, 1986). Evidence suggests that breast milk can carry particular or non-particular immunities to the newborns respiratory tract which is extremely important in the early days after birth when their immune system is not fully developed. Mothers milk protects the newborn babies against respiratory problems like, breathlessness, wheezing and other infections related to the respiratory tract in the initial four months of their life. Children who are given formula milk experience increased risk for, respiratory problems, severe otitis media along with extended duration of middle ear infections due to immature immune system. Breast milk as well plays a vital role in protecting the infants from the infection of Herpes Simplex virus II. It was also confirmed that breastfeeding babies were less likely to die from SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome), the reason being the prevention of respiratory and gastrointestinal infections due to strong immunity developed in them because of breast milk (Allen Hec tor, 2005). To sum up, all these findings of different studies strongly indicate that mothers milk develops and enhances the immune system of the newborn babies especially in the very initial years of their life. Cognitive benefits In addition to the nutritional and immunological benefits of breast milk, breastfeeding may help preemies get ahead intellectually. Breast milk is associated with increases in child cognitive ability and educational achievements. Cognitive development of social and psychomotor skills gains increases with the consumption and duration of breastfeeding. According to Horwood and Fergusson such effects are relatively long lived extending not only throughout childhood but also into young adulthood (1998). Children who consume human milk in early days of their life have a significant higher level of IQ at the age bracket of seven and eight than those kids who did not get their mothers milk (Erterm, 2001). In fact, studies suggest that nutrients present in breast milk may have a significant effect on neurologic development in premature and term infants. Breastfeeding is associated with a 3.16-point higher score for cognitive development compared with formula feeding after adjustment for sign ificant covariates (Anderson et al, 1999)*. Health Benefits to Moms Who Breastfeed The babies are not the only ones who benefit from breastfeeding. Moms also benefit from breastfeeding their premature babies. Breastfeeding not only reduces the risk of breast cancer but also plays a role in preventing endometrial, ovarian and cervical cancers. It reduces the risk of anemia and Protects against health issue related to bones like osteoporosis and hip fractures later in life (Heacock, 1992). It also greatly helps the body of the pregnant women to return to its earlier shape faster, helps in losing the extra weight during pregnancy and also plays a very important role in the contraction of the uterus after delivery to control postpartum bleeding. The fat stores of the body are consumed to produce human milk which can easily burn from five hundred to fifteen hundred calories every day. Breastfeeding the babies also delay the return of fertility and thus provide a natural gap between subsequent pregnancies. It also develops a special bonding and emotional relationship bet ween the mother and the baby (Brown, 2008 Dimes Foundation, 2010). Benefits to the environment and the Society Breastfeeding also has economic advantages; its cheaper than buying formula and helps avoid medical bills later because it helps equip the baby to fight off disease and infection. According to the Unicef financial benefits is associated with breastfeeding. Higher breastfeeding initiation and duration rates would significantly improve the health of a nation. Breastfeeding babies and their mothers are at lower risk of certain illnesses. There are therefore potential cost savings for the wider health care system (2006). In fact, it reduces both direct costs such as clinical or hospital fees and indirect costs such as formula costs (Weimer, 2001). Thus, breastfeeding is also linked to the environment. Breastfeeding the young ones decreases the use of raw material, energy and other resources required in the manufacturing, packing, distributing, promoting and disposing of waste materials of formula milk which ultimately reduces global pollution (Lance, 2007). Breastfeeding in United Arab Emirates Conclusion It is concluded that not a single brand of formula milk can replace the properties and nutrients of breast milk, regardless of the addition of vitamins, supplements and minerals; it is and will essentially stay a chemical formulation. Human milk has nutritional, immunological, and developmental benefits for the child, as well as physiological and emotional benefits for the mother. It also holds several benefits for the environment and society. The United Arab Emirates

Adilf Hitler :: essays research papers fc

Nazi belief, and murder of the Jews a key policy. 2 German laws made by Hitler soon required everyone who had one or more Jewish grandparent to register. Those with one grandparent may have escaped but if you had two grandparents you were sent to a concentration camp and classifed as a Jew. One night symbolizing the begining of mass persecution was Kristallnacht, November 10th, 1938, "the night of broken glass". Jewish stores and houses were attacked, synagogues burned, and many Jews were sent to concentration camps. During this time, there were a few countries that would accept Jews. Hitler launched World War 2 by marching into Poland in 1939. Most of Western Europe then fell into the FÃ ¼hrer (Hitler), who had personal command of the troops. Germany invaded the soviet Union in 1941, but Hitler, Crazed with power, had lost his military judgement. His failure to Capture Stalingrad, 1942 - 1943, was the turning point; unable to cope with defeat, he refused to recognize it o r negotiate for peace. As the tide of war turned against him, his mass annhiliation of Jews, socialists, gypsies, and others was excelerated. After the Second World War had began in 1939, the Nazi's dropped all restrictions they had previously made towards the systematic murder of all Jews. In countries such as Europe, steps were made for Jews to follow in order to be seperated from the rest of the population. First Jews were required to register, then they were known to the Gestapo. Some families sent their children to live with christian families and live under an assumed identity. Hitler sent The Jews of Poland to live in poverty stricken ghettos where they were exposed to disease and malnutrition. With the invasion of the Soviet Union in 1941, the Nazi policy of murder began to operate with no restrictions. The armies in Russia were followed by an "extermination squad" who shot hundreds of thousands of people, the majority being Jewish. The Nazis had already setup thou sands of concentration camps to imprison anyone who imposed them. These now began to operate as factories of death. Auschwitz was the biggest of these death camps, a city of barricks where hundreds of thousands of people starved to death amid indescribable brutality. At it's center stood gas chambers and creamatoria design to take train loads of human beings, gas them and burn them.